<p>The William Minott House is a historic house at 45 Park Street in Portland, Maine. It is one of Portlands few Federal period houses, notably surviving the citys devastating 1866 fire. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 10, 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The house is located on the east side of Portland&#39;s West End, at the northern corner of Park and Nye Streets. It is a three story wood frame structure, with low-pitch hip roof, four end chimneys, clapboard siding, and a granite foundation. A two-story ell extends to the rear, and extends beyond the sides of the main block by one bay on each side. The main facade is five bays wide, with a center entrance framed by sidelight windows and topped by a semi-oval transom. On the second floor above the entrance is a three-part window, with narrow sections flanking a central fixed pane. The projecting bays of the rear addition also have entrances in the front-facing bays, with similar Federal styling. The interior of the main block reflects a typical Federal period central hall plan.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1805 by William Minott, a housewright, and was enlarged by him in 1807 into a three-family, providing space for the families of his two sons. The house is somewhat typical of houses in the area prior to Portland&#39;s 1866 fire. It has remained as a multiunit residence to this day, although it deteriorated and was threatened with demolition in 1976, prior to a major restoration.</p><br>
<p>Mt. Nandakhat  positioned outside the Nandadevi sanctuary or at the rim of Nandadevi Sanctuary  at an elevation of 6611 mts.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Situated at the left of Pindari glacier & Traill’s pass, this region has peaks like Panwali Dwar (6663 m) on its left and Changuch (6322 m) on the right across from the Pindari glacier. Nandadevi (7816 mts) stands to its north, west ridge adjoining Mt. Panwali Dwar (6663 mts). Mt. Nanda khat climbed it in the year 1931 by Huge Ruttledge, Sri PN Choudhary & porter Pansingh. It is dangerous to cross the icefall and the glacier at its snout, which you need to cross as you approach the peak. In 1970, two climbers from a Mumbai-based team were killed in an avalanche in the Pindari glacier. Anup Sah from Nainital, Uttarakhand led the first ascent of this peak on 16 October 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Climbing Expeditions</h2><br>
<p>The 12-member team of the Indian Mountaineering Foundation climbed this difficult peak (first premonsoon expedition) from May June 2010. A mix team of 7 male & 5 female members was led by Dr Anil Ghurtoo. The team faced bad weather during the expedition. Four members including deputy leader Dhruv Joshi, Bharat Bhushan, Takpa Norboo, Chetan Pandey scaled the peak followed by the new route (eastern spur & north ridge) on 22 June 2010 at 1545 hrs, it took them almost 22hrs to reach the summit and descend back to the summit camp.</p><br>
<p>The team members are as follows: Dr Anil Ghurtoo (Leader),Bianca Dias, Kavitha Reddy, Rajal Patel,Tusi Das, Ribanisha,Dhruv Joshi, Bharat Bhusan, Takpa Norboo, Chetan Pandey, Wallombok Lingdoh & Lalit.</p><br>
<p>Serra de Pàndols is a limestone mountain chain located at the southern end of the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range, in Catalonia, Spain.</p><br>
<p>There is a project to install wind turbines on the Serra de Pàndols and neighboring Serra de Cavalls which has met with public protests. The Serra de Paüls mountain range is located to the south of this range.</p><br>
<h2>Hill 705</h2><br>
<p>The ridge&#39;s highest point is Punta Alta (705.5 m). This summit was known as Hill 705 (Cota 705) during the Battle of the Ebro, the bloodiest and most protracted series of combats in the Spanish Civil War (1936–39). The Battle was also the last action of the International Brigades, who were withdrawn midway through it.</p><br>
<p>Close to the peak stands a monument to those who died in the battles. Hill 705 was a key position to control the Serra de Pàndols range at the time of the Battle of the Ebro. The summit lies within the Pinell de Brai municipal term.</p><br>
<p>Hetta Inlet is a deep embayment in the southwestern coast of Prince of Wales Island in the U.S. state of Alaska. It connects with the Pacific Ocean through Cordova Bay. The head of the inlet is separated by a 200 ft divide from the West Arm of Cholmondeley Sound. The shores are abrupt from the water&#39;s edge, and the channels and inlets are deep. The precipitation is probably a little greater than at Ketchikan, and the mean annual temperature is slightly higher. The white crystalline limestone of the Wales series, striking nearly north and south, is the predominant country rock of Hetta Inlet. In it are intruded many igneous rocks, some schistose, some massive. The white limestones are closely folded and have great variation in dip. The igneous rocks, so far as determined from the small collection made, include gabbros, diorites, amphibolites, diabases, and pyroxene-syenites. All these are comparatively massive. The greenstoneschists, which occupy considerable areas, are chloritic.</p><br>
<p>The inlet is bordered on the west by lands of the Tongass National Forest, which are included in the 13,720 acre Hydaburg Roadless Area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>A trail across this divide was a link in the mail route to the mining settlements of Coppermount and Sulzer. Freight was delivered by small steamers from Ketchikan, and also by Puget Sound vessels, which occasionally called at the camps along the inlet.</p><br>
<p>The Lyons State Forest is a state forest located near the city of Staples in Wadena County, Minnesota. The forest is managed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.</p><br>
<p>The forest and surrounding area of the Crow Wing River valley were originally inhabited by the Eastern Dakota and Ojibwe people. European exploration began as a result of the fur trade by the French in the early 18th century, and subsequently the Canadian and British in the 1760s. The old-growth forests were logged extensively between 1870 and the early 20th century; the lumber industry in the area declined rapidly after the depletion of the mature forests. Wildfires historically occurred every 10 to 40 years, which explains the dominance of Jack Pine, Aspen, and Paper Birch in the forest, although stands of Eastern White and Red Pine also occur. The topographical features of the forest, such as terminal moraines, outwash plains, till plains, and drumlin fields, as well as the sandy loam soil texture, were caused by the Wisconsinan glaciation.</p><br>
<p>Popular outdoor recreational activities are hunting and dispersed camping. Trails are designated for hiking, with 2.3 mi designated for Class I all-terrain vehicle and off-road motorcycling use.</p><br>
<p>Sierra de Cuera , is a 30 km long mountain chain of the Cantabrian Mountains.</p><br>
<p>The ridge&#39;s highest point is Pico Turbina (1315 m). This mountain range is located at 6 km from the sea and runs parallel to the coast. It lies within the Cabrales, Llanes, Peñamellera Alta, Peñamellera Baja and Ribadedeva municipal terms.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>The mountains of the Sierra de Cuera were vital to the defence of Asturias during the Spanish Civil War (1936 - 1939) and the key to the Sierra de Cuera was the pass of El Mazuco.</p><br>
<p>Following the fall of Bilbao the troops supporting General Franco&#39;s rebellion tried to advance by clearing the Republican defenders from these mountains. In order to do this they planned a pincer movement moving south-west from Llanes and west, along the Río Cares, from Panes towards Cabrales.</p><br>
<p>On both fronts, however, the rugged terrain and the stiff resistance of the Republican loyalists halted the advance during what became known as the Battle of El Mazuco.</p><br>
<p>The Allgates is located in Haverford, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. The large estate contained 19 buildings. The largest of them is the Mansion House, designed by Wilson Eyre, and completed in 1912. The Frog Tavern was built in 1731, and the Federal School was built in 1797. The complex of buildings was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 15, 1979, and the Federal School was listed separately in 1971. The estate was built for financier Horatio Gates Lloyd, simultaneously partner in Drexel and Co. and J.P. Morgan and Co. and President of the Commercial Trust Co. of Philadelphia, and his wife Mary Helen Wingate Lloyd.</p><br>
<p>The landscape was by the Olmsted Brothers (1911-1915); Additions to the garden made by Ferrucio Vitale from 1920. Unfortunately, the gardens do not survive.</p><br>
<p>Since Allgates listing on the NRHP, the estate has been developed with several new large residences. Both the Mansion House and the Federal School remain, however.</p><br>
<h2>Hand colored lantern slides, 1919, by Frances Benjamin Johnston</h2><br>
<p>Archibald Rogers Estate, also known as "Crumwold," is a historic mansion located at Hyde Park in Dutchess County, New York. It was designed by noted New York architect Richard Morris Hunt and built between 1886 and 1889. It is a three story dwelling constructed of coursed Maine granite with sandstone trim in the Chateauesque style. It is topped by a hipped roof and has eight stone chimneys and a center parapet. It features three towers, two with conical roofs and the third with a pyramidal roof. Also on the property are a carriage house and cottage.</p><br>
<p>In his book "Colonel Archibald Rogers And the Crumwold Estate" author Carney Rhinevault, Hyde Park Town Historian, provides the following details. Crumwold Hall was occupied by the 306 Military Police from 1942 to 1945, as they protected President Roosevelt who live next door. When the President died in 1945, the MPs were transferred to the coach house at the Vanderbilt mansion to guard the Presidents grave. In 1947 Daniel Trosky purchased the mansion and sold part of the estate to provide the money needed to begin building homes on quarter-acre lots. In 1948 Trotsky attempted to create the FDR school at Crumwold Hall, but that effort lasted only a couple of years. In 1951 the building was purchased by the Catholic Church and Eymard Seminary High School was formed. In the 1970s the Catholic Church decided to sell Eymard Seminary (Crumwold Hall). The property was purchased by J. Homer Butler.</p><br>
<p>The Crumwold Estate exists today, but instead of supporting only one family in Victoriam grandeur, over 500 families, mostly in their own single-family homes, now live on Crumwold lands. Crumwold Hall is today owned by an ecumenical religious group called the Millennial Kingdom Family Church, which purchased the building and 69 acres from J. Homer Butler in 1983.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>The George Rymph House is a historic house located on Albany Post Road  in Hyde Park, New York, United States. It is a stone house built during the 1760s by a recent German immigrant. In 1993 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It is one of the few remaining pre-Revolutionary houses in Hyde Park, the oldest stone house, in the town.</p><br>
<p>It served as a cottage for the camp&#39;s caretaker until the early 21st century, when the land conservation organization Scenic Hudson bought the property. The house has been vacant since then. Scenic Hudson has been trying to sell or lease the house to a party interested in restoring and preserving it.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house is located on the west side of the road roughly 1.4 mi north of the Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site at the north end of downtown Hyde Park and 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the hamlet of Staatsburg. The surrounding terrain is gently rolling, just east of a 100-foot (30 m) rise up from the Hudson River a quarter-mile (0.25 mi) to the west. It is extensively wooded, with a few clearings for a nearby yacht club to the south, the former summer camp on the property, and the Anderson Center for Autism a thousand feet (300 m) to the north. On the opposite side of the road is a large tract of unbroken woods extending almost to New York State Route 9G two miles (3.2 km) to the east.</p><br>
<p>The house&#39;s main block is a one-and-a-half-story three-bay structure of uncoursed fieldstone on an exposed stone foundation. It is topped with a cross-gabled roof sheathed in asphalt shingles and pierced by brick chimneys on either end. There are additions on the north and west sides, and small porticos sheltering both entrances.</p><br>
<p>On the east (front) facade, the stone has been covered with stucco, which was later scored to suggest a smooth-cut ashlar pattern. It has begun to flake and spall near the roof and foundation lines on the south of the main entrance. A short set of unpainted wooden steps leads up to a porch of the same material, with guardrails on the sides. Two plain square pillars support the gabled portico roof, with clapboard in the gable field. To its sides, each bay has one double-hung six-over-six sash window with paneled wooden shutters. A wide plain frieze with simple cornice and bracketed eaves mark the roofline. The gable field above the main entrance is built of timber frame. It, too, is faced in clapboard. In its middle is an arched two-over-two double-hung sash window. Its roofline has a similar treatment as the one below, except for having smaller brackets in pairs.</p><br>
<p>On the south, the windows, entrance and facade treatment of the first story are identical to that of the east. The portico roof is supported by narrow metal poles, but is otherwise the same as its larger counterpart on the east. The gable field above it similarly set in clapboard; however it has two smooth-arched one-over-one double-hung sash windows. The roofline treatment matches that on the east cross-gable.</p><br>
<p>The stone on the west elevation is not stuccoed, only painted. A single narrow one-over-one separates the south corner from a shed-roofed addition with modern siding and paired storm windows in each face. On the north is another, similar addition, larger and with a smaller gabled roof. It has almost continuous screened windows, serving as a sunroom. There is no stucco on that side of the main block, either.</p><br>
<p>A plain molded surround, topped by blocks with bulls-eye centers, sets off the main entrance door. Above it, on the lintel, is carved "GR 1769". The door itself has four lights on its top and four wooden panels below.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the house has many of its interior features intact. It has a central hall with wide planked wooden flooring. In the rooms are original mantels; the kitchen has a large stone fireplace with wooden lintel. Many of the original wooden four-paneled doors remain. The original ceiling hand-hewn exposed beams are still present, and the staircase to the garret features an original wooden newel post and balustrade, among many other original wooden and plaster finishes in the house.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>From its establishment in the first years of the 18th century, Hyde Park, named for Edward Hyde, the provincial governor who granted the land, was largely undeveloped woods with a few tenant farmers. John Bard, a New York City physician, bought 3,600 acre between Crum Elbow Creek and the Enderkill in 1763 as a retirement property. Financial problems five years later forced him to offer the property for sale.</p><br>
<p>He never sold the entire property, but did sell some of it. Johannes George Rymph (sometimes spelled Rim in records from the era), a who had come to the Hudson Valley from Wittenburg, Germany, a few years earlier, bought a 215 acre land lot stretching west from the river. The following year he built the house, carving his initials and the year 1769 in the lintel above the main entrance.</p><br>
<p>At that time it looked somewhat different. It was limited to the current main block, and did not have its porticoes, either. The fieldstone walls and foundation were visible and unpainted on all sides. The size and form of the house, as well as features of the roof like the steeply pitched gables, framed ends, and chimney placement are typical of the vernacular architecture built by most European settlers of the time. the house&#39;s center-hall, double-pile interior plan, topped by a garret, is more common on the west side of the Hudson, however.</p><br>
<p>Rymph eventually expanded the farmstead to 600 acre. On his death in 1791, the house and land were left to his wife and ten children. They remained on the land, gradually subdividing it over the 19th century. Around 1850, the house was altered for the first time, when the Gothic Revival dormer window over the main entrance was added. At some point after that, the interior was remodeled to contemporary Victorian tastes and the exterior likely stuccoed, according to a local historian who believes that the house reflects that era to a much greater extent than it does the time of its construction.</p><br>
<p>The Rymphs owned the house until 1915, when they sold it to the Dominican Order. It was then used as the caretakers cottage on the 50 acre summer camp they established with the remaining portion of George Rymphs original 1768 purchase. They also remodeled it in a Colonial Revival style, adding the north and west wings and two porticoes with Doric columns and further obscuring its original appearance.</p><br>
<p>The Dominicans still owned the property when it was added to the National Register in 1993,</p><br>
<p>Two years later, the town planning board granted Scenic Hudson a lot split, putting the Rymph House on its own 2.1 acre parcel. This allowed the organization to offer the property for sale or lease the following year to a person or entity willing to restore and preserve it.</p><br>
<p>Suvobor  is a mountain in central Serbia, near the town of Gornji Milanovac. Its highest peak Suvobor has an elevation of 866 meters above sea level.</p><br>
<p>The northwestern part of Suvobor is called Rajac (847 m 44&deg;07&prime;16&Prime;N latitude, 20&deg;10&prime;54&Prime;E longitude) and is generally best developed touristically.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Suvobor and Rajac were the site of Battle of Kolubara of the World War I in December 1914. In World War II, Suvobor was a stronghold of Chetnik movement, and their leader Draža Mihailović had the main headquarters at Ravna Gora. After World War II forest rangers planted conifer trees on the naturally bare summit of the mountain.</p><br>
<h2>Fauna and Flora</h2><br>
<p>The valleys around Suvobor are covered with young oak forests, its slopes on the other hand are covered with conifer trees. On the slopes of the mountain different animal species can be found like roe deer, hare and pheasant.</p><br>
<p>Vrujci spa is located at the northern slopes of Suvobor.</p><br>
<p>Auts is a mountain range west of the Ebro river in the Bajo Aragón-Caspe/Baix Aragó-Casp comarca, Aragon, Spain.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The Auts Range is located about 9 km north of Fayón (Faió), close to the road between Maella and Mequinenza (Mequinensa).</p><br>
<p>The ridge&#39;s highest point is Alt dels Auts (Alto de los Auts), a 434 m high summit.</p><br>
<p>The Auts are desolate-looking limestone mountains, smooth, with low and scruffy vegetation and numerous denuded patches. In some documents in the Spanish language, these hills appear under the name Sierra de Mequinenza, but they are actually not a proper "sierra".</p><br>
<h2>Origin of the name</h2><br>
<p>The name "Auts" comes most likely from an ancient Catalan word for "heights", "alts" in modern Catalan. Referring to hills this name appears, for example, in Ramon Llull&#39;s following text:</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>These moderately high, dry mountains were the scenario of one of the most bloody confrontations during the Battle of the Ebro in the Spanish Civil War (1936–39).</p><br>
<p>On 25 July 1938 the 42nd Division of the Spanish Republican Army successfully crossed the river in this area and occupied the Auts area taking positions in the hills.</p><br>
<p>Initially the feat of the Republican troops was hailed as a great victory by the Spanish Republic, eager to see a positive outcome of the Battle of the Ebro effort. But the 226th and 227th mixed brigades of the division were soon surrounded and relentlessly massacred in the Auts by General Franco&#39;s rebel faction. After having suffered a great number of casualties the few battered survivors of the division had to cross back the Ebro River. There is a monument to the many soldiers who died in the Auts at the feet of the range near the road leading to Mequinensa.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office and Courthouse–Billings, in Billings, Montana, was built in 1914. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>It includes Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals architecture and Second Renaissance Revival architecture. Also known as Billings Post Office and Courthouse and as Billings Downtown Station, it served historically as a courthouse of the United States District Court for the District of Montana, and as a post office. The courthouse functions have since been relocated to the James F. Battin USA Courthouse.</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s construction was touted as a great thing for Billings, and its opening was a matter of great pride for the city. The building was expanded and renovated in 1932.</p><br>
<p>The Adam P. Leighton House is an historic house at 261 Western Promenade in Portland, Maine. Built in 1903, it is a fine local example of Colonial Revival architecture, and is further prominent as home to Adam P. Leighton, who was "considered the father of the American postcard industry", and served as the Mayor of Portland from 1908-09. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Leighton House is located in Portlands Portlands West End, near the northern end of the Western Promenade, a public park. It is set overlooking the park on the east side, between West and Pine Streets. It is a 2-1/2 story brick building, with a dormered hip roof with bracketed eaves. The front facade is three bays wide, with an asymmetrical arrangement. The left bays are in a rectangular projection with single sash windows, and the right bays form a rounded projection with three window bays on each level. The entrance is at the center, sheltered by a portico supported by modified Doric columns. Corners are laid in brick that emulates quoining, and the windows have keystoned lintels.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1902-03 to a design by local architect Frederick A. Tompson. Adam Leighton, for whom it was built, had made a fortune publishing "view books" (basically books full of lithographed photos), and then individual half-toned photographs, which were the first postcards. By the time this house was built, Leighton was a prominent local businessman, serving on bank boards and in elective offices. He was Portland&#39;s mayor for one term, 1908-09.</p><br>
<p>The Sparrow House is an historic house at 35 Arlington Street in the Woodford&#39;s Corner neighborhood of Portland, Maine. Built in 1852, it is a well-preserved example of Gothic Revival architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Sparrow House is set on the northwest side of Arlington Street, a residential street between Forest Avenue and Back Cove in Portlands Woodfords Corner neighborhood. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a steeply pitched gable roof and vertical board siding. The side gables and a front-facing gable above the entrance are decorated with intricate bargeboard. The front gable has a Palladian-style three-part window formed out of narrow lancet-arched windows. A single-story ell extends to the right of the main block.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1852, when the area was part of Deering, and was for a number of years the only house in the area. It was built for Warren Sparrow, a Portland businessman who operated a dry goods store and insurance business, and was one of the early organizers of Portlands streetcar system. It is, along with The Gothic House in Portlands West End, one of the finest examples of Gothic residential architecture in the city. Its architect is unknown.</p><br>
<p>The Mississippi Headwaters State Forest is a state forest located near the town of Wilton in Beltrami County, Minnesota. Portions of the forest extend into the neighboring counties of Clearwater and Hubbard. The majority of the forest is managed by the respective counties, with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources managing around 9,000 acre. The forest is named after its location immediately downstream  of Lake Itasca, the headwaters of the Mississippi River.</p><br>
<p>The topography of the region, such as hills and flat outwash plains, are a result of the Wisconsinan glaciation. The sandy soil of the moraines are dominated by Eastern White Pine, Red Pine, oaks, maples, birch, and aspen; Black Spruce, Northern Whitecedar, and Tamarack are also present on the wet peat-like soils of the forest.</p><br>
<p>Popular outdoor recreational activities available revolve around the river and the 95 lakes and ponds within the forest, and include boating, canoeing, kayaking, and swimming. Trails are designated for hunting and dispersed camping. Trails are designated for hiking, mountain biking, and snowmobiling in the wintertime.</p><br>
<p>Otrøya  is the largest island in Midsund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 75.5 km&sup2; island sits at the entrance to Romsdalsfjord. The highest point is Oppstadhornet at 737 m above sea level.</p><br>
<p>The main settlement is the village of Midsund, on the west end of the island. Other settlements include Uglvik and Raknes on the north side of the island and Nord-Heggdal on the southeast side of the island. The Church of Norway has two churches on the island: Otrøya Church and Nord-Heggdal Chapel.</p><br>
<p>The Midsund Bridge connects Otrøya to the island of Midøya to the west. On the east end of the island, there is a ferry connection across the Julsundet strait to the village of Mordal in Molde Municipality.</p><br>
<p>The Judge Isaac C. Parker Federal Building, also known as the Fort Smith USA Post Office and Courthouse, in Fort Smith, Arkansas, was built in 1937 in Classical Revival style. It served historically as a courthouse of the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas, and as a post office. It was renamed in 1996 for the famous "hanging judge" Isaac C. Parker, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Building history</h2><br>
<p>From the early 19th century Fort Smith was a main stop on the Butterfield Overland Mail route from Tipton, Missouri to San Francisco. The area also had the reputation of being "the end of civilization", and the gateway to the West and the Indian territories of Oklahoma. As such, the federal court under Judge Isaac C. Parker (historically known as the "hanging judge") was active, trying 13,000 cases in 21 years. Judge Parker&#39;s court was headquartered at the barracks of the second Fort Smith, a few blocks from the present building, now part of Fort Smith National Historic Site. Fort Smith evolved into an area of great federal activity in the 19th century, and $100,000 was allocated for a federal courthouse and post office building in 1887. The building, completed in 1889, was located at Rogers Avenue and Sixth Street. The imposing Romanesque structure served as the main post office and as the federal courthouse until the present structure was built in 1936.</p><br>
<p>The present building was constructed less than thirty feet behind the 1889 building on the same site, and workers moved from one building to the other before the 1889 building was demolished. It is not clear why the federal government decided to demolish one building and build another to fulfill the same purpose. Perhaps there was a need for more space and Fort Smith became part of the intense federal building activity in the 1930s. In 1964, the building was expanded with the addition of two wings which were designed to complement the 1936 structure.</p><br>
<h2>Architectural description</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is a three-story red brick, Classical Revival style building with limestone trim. It consists of an original 1937 building, 151 wide, flanked by two 63 wide symmetrical projecting wings added in 1964. The wings are only two stories high, which leaves the original building rising in the center of the elevation. Limestone detailing is simple and concentrated on the original building elevation. Red brick in a common bond pattern rises from a smooth finish limestone base; a series of six engaged pilasters, with Doric capitals, rise two stories above the first floor base to a plain, 5&#39; high limestone cornice and frieze which borders the entire building, except the rear light court. The words "UNITED STATES POST OFFICE AND COURT HOUSE" are incised into the entablature. There is also limestone trim around the three central entry doors, limestone window sills and lintels, and a limestone stair platform with plinths or cheekwalls, all smooth-finished. A long handicapped ramp with a return visually dominates the approach to the main entry. It is bounded by iron rails which match the ones on the original areaways flanking the entrance.</p><br>
<p>Three double doors are located in the center of the original main elevation. Original doors have been replaced with pairs of single light aluminum storefront-type commercial entry doors. Aluminum panels face the recessed jambs. Windows are generally multipane (12/ 12) aluminum, single-hung except for a series of 1/1 triple glazed, double hung units (these have false muntins between the glazing in a 12/12 pattern) in the third floor, southwest wing judge&#39;s suite. A few original double-hung 12/12 wood windows are located at the second floor southwest wing of the original building, and a few small steel windows are in the roof penthouse.</p><br>
<p>A copper-clad hipped roof rises from the center of the original building over the projecting pavilion. Originally, the roof had a wood "widows walk" atop it. The widows walk was encased in aluminum siding, though the original wood structure remains in place. The remainder of the roof of the original (1936) building and the 1964 wing is built-up tar and gravel.</p><br>
<p>The first floor interior consists of a 90x 18 postal lobby with polished St. Claire Genevieve Golden Vein marble wainscotting, terrazzo floors and a simple fretwork plaster frieze. The terrazzo floors consist of black and light brown tiles set on a diagonal (see Zone 2B for description). The lobby originally was 106 long, but 16 have been captured into a Marshals office at the northeast end. The lobby is distinguished by a series of five free-standing glass-topped cast aluminum 2x6 postal desks with lion headed legs and claw feet. There is also a large polychrome compass rose with zinc edge strips and zinc letters. The lobby has been sub-divided by two aluminum framed glazed curtain walls (one at each end) into a postal service lobby to the southwest, a central box lobby, and a Marshals office/checkpoint to the northeast.</p><br>
<p>The second floor is largely office space, with double loaded corridors which originally had simple finishes: asphalt tile floors and plaster walls. There is an original Magistrate&#39;s Hearing Room in the rear center wing, with two original restrooms.</p><br>
<p>The third floor houses the main courtroom (see Zone 1A for description), and judge&#39;s suite. The hallway outside the courtroom serves as a courtroom lobby but it is a modest architectural space. The original courtroom entry doors are oak with reeded jambs, a composite ornament at the corners, and diamond panels (some glazed) in the doors.</p><br>
<p>The Asa Hanson Block is a historic commercial building at 548-550 Congress Street in Downtown Portland, Maine. It was built in 1889 to a design by local architect Francis Fassett in partnership with Frederick A. Tompson, and is one of a small number of surviving commercial designs by Fassett in the city. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Asa Hanson Block is located on the south side of Congress Street, Portland&#39;s main commercial thoroughfare, at the southeast corner with Oak Street. It is a three-story brick building, seven bays wide, with a low sloping flat roof. The roof is obscured by a projecting cornice that has a gable above the center bay. The ground floor has two storefronts flanking the main entrance, each with three large-panel windows and a recessed entrance, with articulating paneled metal posts. Second-floor windows are set in segmented-arch openings, with a brick stringcourse above. The third-floor windows are set in rectangular openings, with brickwork panels below. The upper bays are grouped in sets of three flanking the center bay, with pilasters between the groups rising to decorative brickwork banding below the cornice.</p><br>
<p>The block was built in 1889 to a design by Francis Fassett, a prolific architect who was much in demand after a major fire devastated the city in 1866. Of eighteen commercial buildings he is known to have designed in the city, this is one of only seven that survives, and retains most of its exterior design. (The interior of the building has been repeatedly altered, and no longer has historical significance.) Asa Hanson, for whom it was nominally built, was an agent for J.B. Brown, a leading local industrialist. The name "Perry" appears in a panel on the building because it was built by Charles Perry, a real estate developer.</p><br>
<p>The North School is an historic former school at 248 Congress Street in Portland, Maine. Built in 1867, it was the first primary school in the state to separate students by grade, and was the largest primary school in the state when built. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. It was converted into subsidized housing for seniors by the City of Portland.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The North School is located in Portland&#39;s East Bayside, India Street neighborhood, on the southeast side of Congress Street, just west of the Eastern Cemetery. It is a three story brick building with Italianate styling. A four story tower projects from its southwest-facing front facade, capped by a square turret with clock. Windows in the tower are predominantly tall round-arch windows, while windows elsewhere are in part similar, with some replaced by bands of rectangular sash. When built, the building also had a mansard roof; this was removed in 1920-22, when the windows were also altered.</p><br>
<p>The school was built in 1867 to a design by Levi Newcomb, in the wake of Portland great 1866 fire, and was the city&#39;s largest municipal project of the period. It was the first school in the state to implement the principles of education reformer Henry Barnard, which included the separation of students by grade. In 1894 its attic was fitted with woodworking apparatus for vocational education, and its 1920-22 alterations were designed by John Calvin Stevens. The school remained in use as a primary school until the mid-1970s. It has since been converted into subsidized senior housing.</p><br>
<p>The Southington Center Historic District is a National Register of Historic Places district covering a major portion of the center of Southington, Connecticut. The area includes a considerable number of resources, many of which are buildings, commercial, governmental, religious and residential, but the list also includes monuments, and the town green. The district was added to the National Register in 1989.</p><br>
<p>Many of the buildings in the district date to Colonial times. Southington became a town in 1779, but European settlers first came to the area in 1698. Many of the commercial, religious and government buildings lie along Main or North Main, on either side of the town green. There are some residential buildings on the two main streets, but the majority of the residential buildings are on Vermont and Berlin streets, adjacent to Main Street.</p><br>
<h2>Monuments</h2><br>
<p>The district includes four monuments, each of which is located on the town green, in the center of town.</p><br>
<p>The monuments are:</p><br>
<p>A Civil War monument</p><br>
<p>A World War I monument</p><br>
<p>A World War II- Korea - Vietnam monument</p><br>
<p>A granite fountain commemorating Amon Bradley, a 19th-century industrialist.</p><br>
<h2>Residences</h2><br>
<p>One of the oldest residences in town is that of Jonathan Root, whose house was used both as a dwelling and a tavern. This building is within the district, but is also separately listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Cyrus C. Chamberlain House, at 114 Main Street, is an example of a residential building in the center of town. It was built in 1823, in the Federal style.</p><br>
<h2>Commercial, religious and governmental</h2><br>
<p>The Congregational Church, at 37 Main Street, was built between 1828 and 1832 in the Federal style. The Federal Post Office, at 125 Main street, dates to 1939, although it has an addition built in 1964. The style is Georgian Revival.</p><br>
<p>The Meriden Avenue–Oakland Road Historic District is a National Register of Historic Places district covering a residential section of Southington, Connecticut, located south of the center of town. At the time of the listing, in 1988, there were 113 buildings within the boundaries of the district, of which all but 22 are considered contributing. The period of significance for the district is 1860–1936. A residence built after 1936, or altered substantially qualifies as building as non-contributing. Only one building is deemed non-contributing due to extensive modelling.</p><br>
<h2>Architectural styles</h2><br>
<p>There are a variety of styles of architecture within the district. Styles represented:</p><br>
<p>Italianate</p><br>
<p>Queen Anne</p><br>
<p>American Four Square</p><br>
<p>Bungaloid</p><br>
<p>Georgian</p><br>
<p>Dutch Colonial</p><br>
<p>Cape</p><br>
<p>An example of the Italianate style is the Mary Gridley Stevens House on 107 Meriden, built in 1870.</p><br>
<p>Some of the styles in the district are hybrids. The Byron & Ann Eliza Twiss House, located at 180–182 Meriden, is an example of a building with the influence of both Queen Anne and Stick architectural styles. The original owner, Byron Twiss, owned a wood turning factory, which may account for the "exceptional millwork".</p><br>
<p>The house at 173 Meriden is also a hybrid, with elements of Stick style, Queen Anne and Colonial Revival.</p><br>
<p>The two Beckley houses—the Moses W. Beckley House at 145 Meriden and the Charles W. Beckley House at 155 Meriden are both example of a combination of Queen Anne and Colonial revival styles.</p><br>
<p>There are several examples of the Italianate style in this area. The house at 133 Meriden Avenue is described as a "larger cube-form version with a shallow-pitched hip roof".</p><br>
<p>The house at 104 Meriden, built in 1880, is an example of Vernacular Queen Anne.</p><br>
<p>The house at 119 Meriden, owned by J. Frank Pratt, is an example of American Four Square style architecture.</p><br>
<p>The Twin Mounds Site   is a Mississippian culture archaeological site located near Barlow in Ballard County, Kentucky, just north of the confluence of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.</p><br>
<h2>Site</h2><br>
<p>The site consists of two large platform mounds around a central plaza and a large 2 m thick midden area. The site was occupied from 1200 to about 1450 CE during the Dorena and Medley Phases of the local chronology. For most of its history, it was contemporaneous with another local site, Wickliffe Mounds, which is several miles to the southeast.</p><br>
<p>It is thought that when Wickliffe was slowly abandoned around 1300, the population had been slowly relocating to the Twin Mounds Site.</p><br>
<h2>Art</h2><br>
<p>A rare Cahokia made Missouri flint clay 17.8 cm human effigy pipe was found during excavations at the site.</p><br>
<p>Graham-Brush Log House is a historic home located at the hamlet of Pine Plains in the town of Pine Plains, Dutchess County, New York. It was built in about 1776 and is a two-room log structure with a wood frame lean-to on its rear elevation. It measures roughly 39 feet long and 18 feet wide. It is one and one half stories with a gable roof; the lean-to addition is one story. The Brush house was acquired in 1997-1998 by the local historical society, the Little Nine Partners Historical Society. In 1998 it was damaged by an arson fire.</p><br>
<p>Lewis Graham came from Westchester County where the British had burned his house. He came to Pine Plains because his father had been one of the Little Nine Partners in the local land patent. About 1776, he built a one-room log cabin without a cellar to which he soon added a center hall with stairs to the loft and another room with a fireplace, all of logs. The log addition was built over a cellar with an outside entrance. The simple lap joining of logs, without dovetails, relates its construction methods to the military garrisons being built at that time to house troops.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>Vidojevica  is a mountain in central Serbia, near the town of Prokuplje. Its highest peak Bandera has an elevation of 1,155 m above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>Astronomical station</h2><br>
<p>On the top of the mountain, there is a new Astronomical Station of the Belgrade Observatory, on the location at an altitude of 1,150 m and with minimal light pollution.</p><br>
<p>The 60 cm Cassegrain telescope was installed in spring of 2011. The new telescope is named “Nedeljković”, after Milan Nedeljković (1857-1950), the first director and founder of Belgrade Observatory in 1887. In the next phase, in spring 2016, a 1.4 m fully robotic telescope was installed at the station. It has been named “Milanković”, after Milutin Milanković, a geophysicist, civil engineer and astronomer who was the director of the Observatory from 1948 to 1951. Telescope “Milankovic” will be part of the Worldwide Network of Robotic Telescopes. Further infrastructure and expansion of the pavilions is planned for 2017 with the support from the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Research and Innovation. Though the telescope is operational, it has no dome above it. Due to the problems with funding and construction companies which are building it, it won&#39;t be finished until the spring of 2018, so there is a possibility that a temporary roof will be placed.</p><br>
<p>The United States Post Office and Courthouse in Eureka, California is a courthouse of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Completed in 1910, this historic building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. Its architecture, designed by James Knox Taylor, is mixed, reflecting several styles. It initially served as a customhouse, in addition to being a courthouse and post office.</p><br>
<h2>Murals</h2><br>
<p>Notable examples of New Deal art were created for the building. Mining and Forestry and Water and Land, two tempera on canvas murals by Thomas Laman, were commissioned in 1938 by the Treasury Relief Art Project and were on display in the post office until the building was sold to a private party in 2002. The murals were restored and are currently on display in the new McKinleyville, California Federal Courthouse.</p><br>
<p>Aya Tekla Church , also known as Aya Thecla or Aya Thekla, is a ruined historic church of the Byzantine period. It was a popular pilgrimage site, and still attracts visitors today.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Aya Tekla Church is located 4 km south of Silifke (ancient Seleucia in Isauria or Seleucia on the Calycadnus) and 85 km from the provincial capital, Mersin. It is situated 1 km north of the state highway, which runs parallel to the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Thecla (Θέκλα, Thékla) was a saint of the early Christian Church, and a reported follower of Paul the Apostle. She enjoyed great popularity in the Byzantine period. According to the main work about her, Acts of Paul and Thecla, she was originally from Iconion, modern Konya, and after the episodes described in the book, she lived around Silifke and died there.</p><br>
<p>The beginnings of the site are unclear. A site of Theclas cult near Silifke was visited by Gregory of Nazianzus in 374. Egeria, a woman widely regarded to be the author of a detailed account of a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, visited the site in 384. She mentioned numerous monastic cells for men and women, and a central church with an enclosing wall. The shrine of Thecla was relocated to a hill, now called Meryemlik, meaning "of Virgin Mary", into a cave, which was supposedly Theclas home in her later years. The grave in the cave supposedly belongs to her.</p><br>
<p>Up to 312, Thecla&#39;s cave was a secret pilgrimage site. At some date, a church was built into the cave. Aya Thekla, the more prominent church, was built on the hilltop in 460–470 by the Byzantine emperor Zeno the Isaurian (reigned 474–475). The church and other related buildings, such as a bath, are now in ruins, the only standing element being a part of the apse. The cave and cistern to the north of the cave are also partially standing.</p><br>
<p>Lake Chapman is a small lake located on The Flatiron, at Granite Harbour within the Ross Dependency of Antarctica. It was first visited by members of Capt. Robert Falcon Scott&#39;s Western Party in 1911 and was one of the "pretty little tarns" observed by Griffith Taylor who was Senior Geologist to the expedition. Indeed, Tryggve Gran, another member of the Western Party, even used the lake for a swim to "celebrate Midsummer Day". More recently, it has been a site of active research undertaken by the University of Waikato as part of a larger terrestrial biodiversity research programme supported by the New Zealand Antarctic Research Institute  and Antarctica New Zealand .</p><br>
<h2>Naming</h2><br>
<p>Lake Chapman is named in honour of Ann Chapman, one of the first women scientists to visit the Ross Sea Region and the first woman to lead a scientific expedition in the Antarctic. Chapman led a team of scientists from the University of Waikato working on Antarctic lakes from 1970 to 1971, and was a founding member of the University of Waikato Antarctic Research Programme and the New Zealand Limnological Society (now the New Zealand Freshwater Sciences Society).</p><br>
<p>Sierra de Alcubierre is a 40 km long mountain range in the Monegros comarca, Aragon, Spain. It is located between the provinces of Zaragoza and Huesca.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>This mountain chain crosses the arid eastern end of the Monegros comarca from northwest to southeast and divides the basins of the Gállego and Isuela rivers. It has numerous ravines and its landscape is characteristic of badlands.</p><br>
<p>The ridge&#39;s highest summits are Monte Oscuro (822 m) and San Caprasio (811 m); other summits are Corona de la Reina (629 m) and Vedao (548 m), located at the northern end of the range, as well as Sigena (592 m) and Huegas (447 m), located at the southern end.</p><br>
<p>This mountain range is named after the town of Alcubierre, located 3 km east of the range.</p><br>
<p>The Sierra de Alcubierre is divided into subranges, foremost of which are Sierra de Lanaja, named after Lanaja town, and Sierra de Pallaruelo, named after Pallaruelo de Monegros village, both located roughly in the central part of the main range.</p><br>
<p>The Highland Range of Clark County, Nevada, is a small 10 mi long, range south of Henderson, Nevada and separated from the southeast flank of the McCullough Range by a narrow approximately three mile wide valley at the head of Piute Wash.</p><br>
<p>The Highland Range also lies on the southwest border region of the endorheic Eldorado Valley. The Highland Range Crucial Bighorn Habitat Area is a large part of the range&#39;s north, and also the alluvial plains on the northeast above Eldorado Valley.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Highland Range is about 10 miles long. A north section with a ridgeline extends somewhat into Eldorado Valley; the center and southeast gradually lowers in elevation toward the southern margin of Eldorado Valley just to the northwest of the mining area around Searchlight. The southern end of the Eldorado Mountains which form the eastern margin of Eldorado Valley lies just to the northeast of Searchlight.</p><br>
<p>USA Route 95 runs south through Eldorado Valley to the east of the Highlands to Searchlight. Nevada State Route 164 runs west from Searchlight through Paiute Wash.</p><br>
<p>The Webster Grammar School is an historic former school building at 95 Hampshire Street in Auburn, Maine. Built in 1915-16 to a design by Harry S. Coombs, it was one of the first junior high school buildings in New England, and is a fine local example of Colonial Revival architecture. The building is now apartments and a community center, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in September 2010.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Webster Grammar School stands in a residential area northwest of downtown Auburn, on a lot bounded by Hampshire, Willow, and Webster Streets. It is a U-shaped two-story brick building, with a flat roof and Colonial Revival features. Its original main entrance faces southwest toward Hampshire Street, and is distinguished by a projecting section with four two-story engaged Doric columns. The bays between the columns have keystoned rounded-arch openings, with the center one housing the recessed entrance. A modern entrance has been built at the center of the U, which is on what was the rear (Webster Street) facade.</p><br>
<p>The school&#39;s first building (45 Spring Street) was built in 1874, and designed by Fassett & Stevens of Lewiston. It was a simple High Victorian Gothic building, since demolished. The present building was built in 1915 to a design by Harry S. Coombs, a distant successor to Fassett & Stevens. The concept of a junior high school was introduced in the early 20th century, and the state of Maine introduced more rigorous curriculum requirements in the decade before this school was built. The school provided facilities for a more practical and hands-on education, particularly directed at students who were likely to leave school after the eighth grade. It served as a junior high school until 1981, when it was converted to serve grades 4-6. It was closed in 2006, and has been converted into housing and a community center.</p><br>
<h2>Notable alumni</h2><br>
<p>Charles B. Carter (1880-1927), professional football player and member of the Maine Senate.</p><br>
<p>The Kapuas River  is a river in the Indonesian part of Borneo island. It originates in the Müller Mountain Range at the center of the island and flows south until merging with the Barito River and discharging into the Java Sea. It should be distinguished from another Kapuas River, which starts on the other side of the same mountain range in central Borneo, but flows to the west and empties to the South China Sea.</p><br>
<p>The river is about 600 km long and up to 6 m deep. It flows through marshy region rich in tropical forests, nearly parallel to the Barito River, and merges with the latter about 60 km from the Java Sea coast, within the town of Kualakapuas (lit. mouth of Kapuas in Indonesian). Between 1880 and 1890, a 30 km long canal was dug by the Dutch colonizers between the Kapuas and Barito river for agricultural purposes. The Kapuas River is narrow (about 50 m) and very winding in its upper stream. It straightens and widens up to 450 m in its lower reaches. There, it contains several elongated islands (shorter than 2 km). Its discharge rate varies through the year reaching the maximum in the peak of rainy seasons in April and November. The river is navigable up to 420 km from the mouth. Significant deposits of coal and gold were discovered upstream. Because of the lack of infrastructure, the gold is mined mostly by primitive methods, with only one commercial mine on the river, and the coal is not explored yet. Several bridges cross the Kapuas River. One of them, located near the village Lungku Layang, Timpah (Kecamatan Timpah), Kapuas District (Kabupaten Kapuas), Central Kalimantan, collapsed on 3 April 2009 killing one and injuring 6 people working under the bridge.</p><br>
<h2>Barito Bridge</h2><br>
<p>The Barito Bridge is the third longest suspended span in Indonesia a length of 230 meters after Kutai Kartanegara Bridge (270 meters) and Mamberamo Bridge (235 meters). The Kutai Kartanegara Bridge collapsed in November 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Darby Meeting or Darby Friends Meeting House is located in Darby, Pennsylvania. The first recorded minutes of the meeting are dated July 2, 1684, not long after William Penn landed in nearby Chester to establish the colony of Pennsylvania. The first Friends meeting house in Darby was a log cabin built in 1687. The third and present building was built in 1805. It was used during the Revolutionary War by Continental soldiers. During the War of 1812, it was used by the U. S. Army as a hospital.</p><br>
<p>The -story building follows the Quaker tradition of simple and solid buildings. Its design is similar to that of the Horsham Friends Meeting House with separate entrances for men and women. Its walls are coursed fieldstone with stuccoed gables at each end. Brick fireplaces are also on each end of the interior. A covered porch extends along three sides of the ground floor, with the porch roof supported by simple wooden posts. Wooden posts also support the interior balcony. Most of the benches and other furniture are built of pine, but the floor is oak. Electric lighting and the usual utilities have been added, but otherwise the building retains its original form.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 13, 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Sarge Boyd Bandshell of Eau Claire, Wisconsin, United States, as home to the city&#39;s oldest community musical organization, has played a significant role in the cultural development of the entire Chippewa Valley.</p><br>
<p>The structure was designed by city engineer Alexander Garnock for the purpose of showcasing the Eau Claire Municipal Band. Although its official name is the Donald I. "Sarge" Boyd Bandshell, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003 as the Owen Park Bandshell.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1938, it was a project of the Works Progress Administration costing $10,000 and taking 111 man months to complete.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the Municipal Band concerts, the historic bandshell, which has often been described as the "centerpiece" of Owen Park, has been used for weddings, church services, speeches, plays, movies, festivals, fairs, and other types of public gatherings.</p><br>
<p>In 1992 it was dedicated to master showman :Donald I. "Sarge" Boyd whose half century of musical contributions to the city have had a profound impact on virtually everyone who worked under his direction.</p><br>
<p>have been a major summertime attraction for many years.</p><br>
<p>The Masur Museum of Art in Monroe, Louisiana in the United States, is the largest visual arts museum in northeast Louisiana. It is located in the former home of the Masur family, the Masur House, also known as the Slagle-Masur House, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The building, constructed in modified Tudor style in 1914, was listed on the National Register in 1982 for its architecture. In 1963 it was given to the city of Monroe by the Masur family.</p><br>
<p>The mission of the museum is to support and foster visual arts in the community through exhibitions, both temporary and from the museum’s permanent collection, as well as providing educational programs for both children and adults. Lectures, films, and artist talks are presented in the Lower River Gallery. The Carriage House is used for art classes, summer art camps, workshops, and demonstrations. Admission to the museum is free. The permanent collection includes works by Thomas Hart Benton, Mary Cassatt, Philip Guston, Joan Miró, Robert Motherwell, Pablo Picasso, Auguste Rodin. Salvador Dalí, Alex Katz, Fairfield Porter, and Georges Rouault. The collection also features the work of distinguished artists with ties to Louisiana, namely Lynda Benglis, Clyde Connell, Alexander John Drysdale, John Geldersma, Ida Kohlmeyer, Eugene J. Martin, and George Rodrigue, among others. Also included in the collection are several long-term loans that are on view on a rotating basis. These include works by Marc Chagall, Joan Miró, Pablo Picasso, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Masur Museum of Art was built as a private residence in 1929. A lumberman by the name of Clarence Edward Slagle had the modified Tudor estate built for his wife Mabel Chauvin. The Indiana limestone and Pennsylvania blue slate used to build the home were brought down through various waterways to the scenic Ouachita River, which runs behind the estate. Originally the grounds included an English style rose garden and a lawn extending down to the river. When the Army Corps of Engineers built the levee system in the 1930s, the carriage house was moved behind the new levee and much of the lawn was subsequently lost.</p><br>
<p>The Great Depression caused the home to go up for sale in the early 1930s and the Masur family acquired it. Sigmund and Beatrice Masur and their children Sylvian, Jack, and Bertha Marie lived in the home until the 1960s. The Masur children donated the home to the city in December 1963 under the agreement that it become a fine arts museum. The new museum, The Masur Museum of Art, held its first exhibition in September 1964.</p><br>
<p>The Masur Museum of Art operates as a division of the Department of Community Affairs of the with a mission to provide a quality visual arts experience for the community. The city provides funding for staff salaries and museum maintenance. In 1974, the Twin City Art Foundation was formed to provide additional support for the museum, providing funding for exhibitions, educational programs, and the permanent collection.</p><br>
<p>Maizefield, often locally called Maizeland, is a historic house on West Market Street  in the village of Red Hook, New York, United States. It is a large plain brick building, in the Federal style, with clear English Georgian influences, built around the end of the 18th century. In 1973 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The house was occupied by General David Van Ness, a Continental Army officer during the Revolutionary War and later Brigardier General of the Dutchess County Militia, state assemblyman and senator who was the first supervisor of the Town of Red Hook. It is not known if house was built prior to his ownership; he sold the property shortly before his death in the 1810s. Aaron Burr hid there for a while shortly after killing Alexander Hamilton in a duel.</p><br>
<p>The house has been altered several times since then, including the addition of large wing on the south side. In the middle of the century, a timber-frame Victorian cottage was built on the southwest corner of the property. Later research found that it was designed by Alexander Jackson Davis. A number of prominent local families have lived in both houses since, and they remain private residences.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings and grounds</h2><br>
<p>The house is on a 5 acre lot on the north side of West Market, on the eastern outskirts of the village, roughly 400 m west of the junction with Broadway (USA Route 9) at the center of town. Surrounding terrain is generally level. Red Hook Middle School, a similarly large building on a slightly larger parcel, is to the west. On the east are some other residences on larger lots.</p><br>
<p>To the south, across West Market, are residential neighborhoods with smaller houses on smaller lots. North of the property is the track and football field associated with Red Hook High School to the northwest. Further west, at the western boundary of the village, is the school&#39;s driveway, some of its parking lots and its soccer field.</p><br>
<p>A high brick wall, with two openings near the west corner, runs along the south boundary of the property. Two wooden paneled fences, almost the same height, delineate the eastern and western bounds. Entry to the lot is via a driveway on the east that connects to the middle school&#39;s entrance road, opposite another entry road on the south side of the school building. The driveway goes south of the house, leading to carports on its east and west. Tall, mature shade trees and a chain-link fence screen the house on the south and west, with other trees lining the north and east bounds.</p><br>
<h3>Main house</h3><br>
<p>On the east and south elevations the main house stands on a slight, landscaped rise. Maintained shrubbery is in front of the first story windows. The main block of the house is faced in brick laid in English bond on all sides but the west, which is done in stone. It is three stories high, five bays wide by four deep, roughly 55 by, and topped by a flat roof pierced by four brick chimneys at the corners. Extending from the west side of the south face is a two-story, semi-octagonal wing with a hipped roof pierced by one brick chimney; to its east is a small, partially enclosed, flat-roofed one-story porch. Verandas are affixed to the north and west sides; the former also has a flat roof but is unenclosed.</p><br>
<p>On the east (front) facade&#39;s first story, two double-hung six-over-six sash windows are on either side of the centrally located main entrance. They have plain surrounds, with plain stone sills and splayed brick lintels. Between them and their second-story counterparts are wooden panels, rectangular with a festoon motif on the outer bays and elliptical with a sunburst pattern on those closer to the center.</p><br>
<p>Above the entrance, in the center of the second story, is a Palladian window that has a plain stone sill and six-over-six double-hung sash, the only feature it shares with the other windows. This window has a wooden surround with molded lintel. Its transom is set with a window with two muntins, one paralleling the semicircular arch near the center and the other radiating upward towards the molded wooden keystone at the center of the arch. The two flanking windows have three vertical lights flanked by engaged smooth square pilasters topped by a wide plain frieze. On the sides, the other windows are similar to those below except for being topped by a gentle splayed brick arch.</p><br>
<p>A frieze above gives way to a modillioned cornice with large blocks. Above it are the windows of the third story, all square set with three-over-three double-hung sash with stone sills, plain wooden surrounds and splayed brick lintels. In the middle there are two, set slightly closer together. A plain stone belt course above them sets off the roof parapet, itself capped with stone.</p><br>
<p>The downslope in the ground exposes the basement of the wing. Brick steps lead up to the porch on the eastern side. Its gently pitched hipped roof is supported on the front by two smooth round columns in the center with a similar column on either side, topped by a wide plain frieze and molded cornice.</p><br>
<p>The east wall has a full-height window partly echoing the Palladian window in the center of the east facade. A 15-pane central window topped by a semicircular transom with three radiating muntins is flanked by two 10-pane windows topped with two-pane transoms. These are also echoes of the French doors they shelter, which serve as a secondary entrance. Above them on the second story are three windows with the same treatment as those on the east facade, with two in the center bays and one at the corner, leaving the bay in between them blank. That placement is also followed by the six-over-six double-hung sash above the cornice on the third story.</p><br>
<p>On the wing, all windows have the same treatment as those on the second story, except for one on the south facet of the exposed basement. It is set with a gently arched casement window of two panels with eight panes each. It, too, is topped by a splayed brick arch. The modillioned cornice on the main block continues on the roofs overhanging eave; the shingled roof has a red section near its base. A cross-gabled section near the main blocks southwest corner supports the wing&#39;s chimney. On the west side of the wing, a wooden staircase descends from the second floor; a one-story modern addition is on the west elevation just to its north.</p><br>
<p>A deck projects from the north side of the western addition. Just to its east, on the north side of the main block, is a full-width veranda. Like its counterpart on the south, its gently hipped roof is supported by paired smooth circular wooden columns topped by a plain wide frieze. Unlike the southern veranda, it is completely unenclosed.</p><br>
<p>The main entrance is sheltered by a portico similar to the north and south verandas. It has coupled smooth round columns topped by a full entablature and gently pitched hipped roof. An iron lantern on a chain hangs from the underside. It illuminates a six-paneled double wooden door with flanking sidelights. It is framed by pilasters, with a frieze of triglyphs and metopes above topped by a dentilled cornice.</p><br>
<p>It opens on a central hall that ends slightly before it reaches the western wall. Much of the finishing on the first floor, such as doors, frames, cornices, and plaster decoration in ceilings is from the house&#39;s mid-19th century renovations. The largest original piece remaining is a mantelpiece in the northeast parlor, decorated with garlands and fruit baskets. Folding interior shutters still exist on all the windows. Upstairs, the doors, frames and fireplace trim is also original.</p><br>
<h3>Outbuildings</h3><br>
<p>An unpainted wooden picket fence separates the southwest corner of the property. One of the two lots within it is the primary outbuilding of the historic Maizefield property. Two cuts in the brick wall provide access to it, the eastern to the front walk and the western to the driveway.</p><br>
<p>The outbuilding is a two-story, three-by-one-bay timber frame cottage on an exposed stone foundation. It is sided in vertical board and batten and topped with a hipped roof covered in shingles, pierced by two centrally located brick chimneys. On the south (front) elevation is a full-height portico topped by a cross-gable.</p><br>
<p>All windows are identical, consisting of large, paired, three-pane single casement windows with molded wooden sills and lintels, divided and flanked by small plain square wooden pilasters. The pilasters rise from a wooden water table at the foundation to a narrow plain frieze below the roofline. Regularly placed brackets support the overhanging eaves, which are emphasized by gutters running their full length.</p><br>
<p>The portico covers only the single center bay. Its roof is supported by four smooth square wooden columns, two freestanding in front and two engaged with the main block at the rear. All have molded capitals and plinths. A single electric light is affixed to the center of the ceiling. The overhanging eave and brackets of the main block&#39;s roof line continue around the portico. A slightly sloping section of roof above it on the front forms the bottom of a recessed pediment with plain entablature in the gable.</p><br>
<p>Both sides feature one window with the same treatment as those in the front in the center of each story. On the north end is an architecturally sympathetic one-story wing. Beyond it, at the rear of the lot, is a timber frame garage, also sympathetic.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>David Van Ness came to what later became Red Hook from Columbia County to the north, He eventually moved south to what is today the hamlet of Upper Red Hook in the northern part of town, married a daughter of prominent local farmer Jacob Heermance, and settled down there, eventually becoming the local postmaster. During the Revolutionary War, he served as an officer in the Continental Army, attaining the rank of captain. In 1778 he was promoted to major in the Dutchess County Militia</p><br>
<p>After the Revolution, with the coming of American independence, Van Ness went into public service. He was elected to the State Assembly in 1790, and served as an elector in the 1792 presidential election. The following year he was promoted to brigadier general, second in command of the militia. He continued to serve as postmaster, and since he had brought the title with him, the small settlement at the crossroads, previously referred to as Hardscrabble, became known from then on as Red Hook.</p><br>
<p>Starting in 1789 he had begun acquiring property in the lower village of Red Hook, then part of the Town of Rhinebeck, at the crossroads of what is today Routes 9 and 199. His purchases totaled 364 acre by 1797, including the land on which Maizefield now stands. It is unclear whether the house was there prior to his purchases or he built it; either way, it is believed to have been built at a later point in that period, around 1795 at the earliest.</p><br>
<p>At the time of its construction, Maizefield had some differences from the current house. An undated watercolor painting shows its original appearance. A side-gabled roof tops the house, and there are no extensions on the north or south. There was, however, a west wing. The painting also shows several outbuildings, including a Dutch barn, but not the cottage currently on the southwest corner.</p><br>
<p>The house&#39;s interior plan represents a break with previous styles. Houses built by pioneering European settlers in the region had kept their ceilings low to conserve heat during the long, cold winters. But that era had ended by the late 18th century, and the descendants of those settlers, more prosperous in their lives and sophisticated in their tastes, wanted to live in less cramped, more elegant homes, and so built higher ceilings such as those in Maizefield. This change occurred without any corresponding improvement in home heating; the four hearths were thus necessary to keep the house sufficiently heated during the winter.</p><br>
<p>With the house complete, in 1800 Van Ness returned to elective office. This time he served a term in the State Senate; the following year he retired from his position in the militia.</p><br>
<p>The construction of Maizefield and Van Nesss subsequent redesignation of the small settlement nearby as Red Hook had helped promote the development of the future village, and in 1812 the state legislature created the Town of Red Hook by dividing what was then Rhinebeck relatively evenly, using an old land-grant boundary to create the line between the two towns today. Van Ness, one of the citizens who had likely petitioned the legislature for the separation, had served as Rhinebecks town supervisor on occasion. He was thus chosen as the first supervisor of the new town, and also repeated his earlier service as an elector in that year&#39;s presidential election.</p><br>
<p>He did not hold the office long, and in 1815 sold Maizefield, retiring to New York City where he died three years later. Subsequent owners, many of whom, like Van Ness, were members of prominent local families, began altering the property. The south wing and verandas likewise were added later in the century when they became popular. At some other point, the gabled roof was replaced with the current third story and flat-roof combination. Much of the original interior trim was replaced with newer styles in the 1830s.</p><br>
<p>The later owners began subdividing the property as well, further fueling the growth of the village. In 1849, one owner built on the property the small cottage at the southwest. A century later, research in a pattern book revealed that the architect commissioned was Alexander Jackson Davis.</p><br>
<p>In the 1880s an advertisement for the sale of the house called it "Maizeland". That name is still the predominant in local usage, although the name Maizefield is still used as well. Maizefield was the name used by the 1960s owner of the house, who got it listed on the National Register under that name.</p><br>
<p>The last major change to the house came in the 1930s, when the west wing was removed. During the 1960s, the owner renovated it in preparation for its nomination to the Register. There have been no significant changes since, and it remains a private residence.</p><br>
<p>The Hendrick Martin House is located on Willowbrook Lane in the town of Red Hook, New York, United States, just north of the It is a stone house built in two phases in the mid- and late 18th century. In 2007 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It has been claimed by its present owners to be the oldest house in the town. Martin, who may not have been the original owner, was a second-generation Palatine German who chose to settle down in the area. The older sections of the house reflect German building traditions, not as common in the Hudson Valleys stone houses as Dutch ones. Later sections incorporating designs from other cultures present in the area by that period. In the 19th century it passed from the Martins ownership into others; the most recent owners have undertaken renovations that have both modernized it and brought it back to its original appearance.</p><br>
<h2>Building and grounds</h2><br>
<p>The house is located on an irregularly shaped 7.49 acre parcel on unpaved Willowbrook Lane, roughly a thousand feet (300 m) northwest of North Broadway (the old Albany Post Road, also part of USA Route 9). It is in the town of Red Hook, just north of the similarly named village; a small undeveloped southern corner of the property, approximately one acre (4,000 m), is within the village. At the property, the road bends to the north, towards a dead end at a Dutch barn that was on the Martin land in the past.</p><br>
<p>The terrain is gently rolling, with worked open fields on the east from which the Catskill Escarpment across the Hudson River can be seen. There is another, more modern house on the north side of Willowbrook midway between the Martin House and North Broadway. On the east the land is wooded, reflecting the presence of the Saw Kill, a tributary of the Hudson which bounds the property on the east. Between the house and the stream is a small pond and old farm road.</p><br>
<p>At the bend in Willowbrook, the driveway continues straight, curving around slightly downhill behind some large mature deciduous shade trees. The house is to its west, built into the gentle slope. The basement is thus exposed on the west (rear) elevation. On the southwest a small garden has been added by the current owners; it is considered a non-contributing resource to the National Register listing.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The house itself is rectangular in plan, 49 ft (five bays) long by 33 ft deep, one and a half stories high, with the exposed basement giving it the feel of an additional story. It has two-foot-thick (2 ft) load-bearing walls of local rubblestone, the larger stones used to form quoins at the corners. A four-foot-deep (4 ft) timber frame addition on the east (front) elevation faced in clapboard. Atop the house is a side-gabled roof covered in asphalt shingles, pierced by two brick chimneys in the center. Its pitch levels a bit on the east, forming a shed-style roof over the frame addition.</p><br>
<p>On the east elevation is a centrally located main entrance, flanked with two modern wall lights. On either side are two eight-over-eight double-hung sash windows with wooden shutters in square openings. Those nearer the entrance are larger than the two outside windows. A drainpipe separates the two on the north. Three gabled dormer windows with six-over-six double-hung sash pierce the roof above.</p><br>
<p>The north side is faced entirely in stone. It has two windows in the center of each story, both six-over-six double-hung sash. The south side is stone to the roofline, above which it turns to brick laid in Flemish bond. At the west corner it has a door to which a pent-roofed wooden stair leads from the ground. Next to it is a modern solarium and a window set with six-over-six double-hung sash. Another similarly treated window in the gable apex. A casement window is on the west corner at basement level.</p><br>
<p>Two more doors are located on the west (rear) elevation. One leads to the basement; the other to the first floor, with a flight of wooden stairs. All the other bays have windows, either six-over-six double-hung sash windows similar to those elsewhere on the house or six-light casements. A large seam visible in the stoneworks next to the first-story entrance delineates the original section of the house from that added later on.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The main entrance is a paneled door set in a plain wooden surround. It opens into a central hall with a stone wall on the north side and a partition wall and enclosed staircase to the basement and attic on the south. The floors are timber; the ceilings have exposed beams which have in some instances been shaved and planed to create headroom. There is a large living room to the north, and two smaller rooms to the south.</p><br>
<p>On the south wall of the living room is a large brick Rumford fireplace with angled cheeks on the firebox. Its mantel is done in a vernacular Greek Revival style, with thin framing pilasters topped by a wide, plain entablature with a molded cornice and plain shelf. Shelving with wide-board sheathing fills out the stone wall to the west. All the other walls are plaster on metal lath over the original plastered stone.</p><br>
<p>The east room is the larger of the two southern rooms. It has a plainer fireplace with a shallow firebox in its west wall. Next to it is an original cupboard, with hand-planed wide-board doors hung on HL wrought iron hinges. A door on the east opens into a small room, currently used as a bathroom, in the front frame addition. In the smaller room to the west, the beams were not shaved down.</p><br>
<p>A similar central hallway divides the basement. On its north, the large space functions as a kitchen. Its fireplace has a brick firebox with a full-width hewn timber nailer across the top. Above it is the cradle for the hearth of the fireplace above. Its ceiling beams, too, retain their original dimensions. In the south room, used for handling the house&#39;s modern heating and electrical systems, there is another fireplace with an original brick bake oven next to it.</p><br>
<p>Upstairs from the main floor, the garret is used for bedrooms. Its ceilings were built at the height of the rafter collars. A slight break in the height of the floorboards corresponds with the masonry seam on the west wall, showing where the original house was added to. There is also evidence of the earlier smoke hood for the larger downstairs fireplace, and the north bedroom shows evidence of the stairway that once existed on that side of the house.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Martin family were probably among the Palatine Germans who fled that region of Germany for London in the late 17th century. The Palatinate had barely begun to recover from the Thirty Years War when the War of the Grand Alliance, also called the Nine Years War, broke out in 1688 and France invaded again. Ultimately 30,000 residents of the area made their way to London, and the Crown dealt with this growing population of the displaced in 1710 by resettling some of them elsewhere in the nascent British Empire.</p><br>
<p>One such plan put the refugees to work in lands in the Hudson Valley, acquired from the Dutch a few decades earlier, producing naval stores. However the mostly tropical plants that produced tar, rosin and pitch did not endure well in the region&#39;s harsh winters, and after a year or two the plan was abandoned. The settlers remained, and took note of the fertile farmlands available in New York. Some moved to other regions of the colony, but others remained in the area they had been brought to along the east bank of the Hudson in what is now the northwest corner of Dutchess County and southwestern Columbia County between Staatsburg and Germantown. They established farms amongst the local European colonial population, descended from Dutch and British settlers.</p><br>
<p>Among those who were relocated to the Hudson Valley in 1710 were Johan Heinrich Mertens and Catherine Esenroth. They met and married while living in West Camp, across the Hudson from Red Hook, in what is today the Ulster County town of Saugerties. Their first son, Hendrick, was born there five years later. In 1736, Hendrick himself married Elizabeth Emmerich; the couple at the time resided in Kaatsbaan, also in Saugerties.</p><br>
<p>An 1882 history suggests that the Martin house was built as early as 1730. But records show that all four of Hendrick Martin&#39;s children were baptized in Kaatsbaan, the last by 1743, suggesting the family had not moved across the river before that year. In 1751 the deed for the property which includes the house was recorded. It seems likely that the house was built near the latter end of that period.</p><br>
<p>As originally constructed, the house was the section to the north of the current main entrance, with a single room on each story. This layout is a common feature with other German-built stone houses from the same period in the area, such as the Stone Jug in Clermont, also listed on the Register, and the Kocherthal House in West Camp. All three are also built into banked terrain, creating partially exposed basements.</p><br>
<p>Some other features, while found on the other two houses, are not exclusive to German stone houses. The original stacked hearths, necessitated by the jambless fireplaces in place at that time, are also found on the Jan Van Hoesen House in the Columbia County town of Claverack and the Abraham Hasbrouck House, a contributing property to the Huguenot Street National Historic Landmark District across the river in New Paltz, in southern Ulster County. The former is of Dutch construction, the latter of Dutch-influenced Belgian Huguenot construction.</p><br>
<p>The Martin family prospered and grew. By 1770, based on the use of exposed beams that were not reduced in dimension, it was necessary to expand the house, something that had not been done to the other German-built houses in the region. The expansion plan followed the Dutch practice of extending the existing structure in one of its lateral directions rather than building a new section, story or wing, other than building the frame extension on the front, with its middle three bays open, creating a recessed porch. Other local cultural influences were present as well—the new section&#39;s fireplaces were in English styles.</p><br>
<p>In his will, Martin divided his property among his two younger sons, David and Gottlieb. By the 1790s records show that Henry, the oldest son, was living in the house, while Gottlieb was living nearby in a newer house that still stands near the intersection of Willowbrook and Broadway. David had apparently left the area after conveying the land on which Gottlieb built his house to his brother.</p><br>
<p>It is not known yet who owned the house through the middle of the next century. But around 1810, it is believed, the original Federal style mantel on the main fireplace was replaced with the current one. The same 1882 history that assesses the house as being built around 1730 claims that the house had never passed out of the Martin family, although Edward Martin, the family member living in the area at that time, appeared to be living in the house Gottlieb Martin had built rather than the older one, which was recorded as being the residence of E.L. Traver, another farmer and member of a prominent local family of longstanding residence in the area.</p><br>
<p>By the 1940s, photographs suggest that the recessed porch on the east had been enclosed, bringing the house to its current appearance. The Martins had sold it by then, and it had passed through a variety of owners, who were not always able to keep the aging house adequately maintained. At the end of the 20th century it was bought by its current owners, who spent a decade renovating and restoring before its listing on the Register.</p><br>
<p>The Parker Training Academy Dutch Barn is located at that institution on Turkey Hill Road in the town of Red Hook, New York, United States. It is a wooden structure built in two stages between 1790 and 1810. In 2007 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It is one of the last New World Dutch barns built in the Hudson Valley; by the time of its construction that building type had mostly been displaced by newer barn designs. It was extended northwards by a bay within 20 years of its construction. While it has been possible to determine this information, the original builder remains unknown. Since the mid-20th century the building has been on the campus of Parker Training Academy, part of the New York State Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS).</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The barn is located at the academy grounds on the north side of Turkey Hill Road (Dutchess County Route 56), in the eastern portion of the town, roughly one quarter-mile (0.25 mi) from the boundary with the neighboring town of Milan), an area known as Cokertown. Terrain is gently rolling, with wetlands amid low hills, as the Hudson River valley begins to yield to the Taconic Mountains. Lakes Kill, a tributary of the Saw Kill, flows south to the west, just below its source at Spring Lake. Warackamac Lake is to the southwest on the town line. The area is rural in character, with a mix of cleared areas for farms, houses on large lots and woodlands.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The building itself is on the east side of the academys driveway, which runs north from Turkey Hill, about 150 ft from the road. To its west the driveway widens to include parking spaces on either side; the buildings of the rest of the academy complex are to the north. A side road south of the barn climbs gently up a hill to the academys watersphere on a nearby wooded ridge at the town line. Northeast of the barn is a small retention pond, which drains to Lakes Kill, partially fenced off on the north and west, with a large mowed lawn beyond between it and the nearest building.</p><br>
<p>Like all New World Dutch barns, the Parker Academy barn is a three-by-four-bay (30 by) wooden frame structure standing on a stone foundation sided in clapboard and topped by a front-gabled roof sheathed in standing-seam metal roofing nailed to the original wooden shingles. At each corner are plain cornerboards. The roof eaves slightly overhang the east and west sides but are flush on the others, with a plain fascia below. Several lightning rods are along the roof crest.</p><br>
<p>The south (front) facade has 12 ft double Dutch doors of vertical battens with cast iron strap hinges, four per section, in the center. In the middle of the upper section of both is a six-light square window, covered over for security purposes. There is evidence of a pentice having been located above the entrance in the past, and a dovecote having been in the gable apex.</p><br>
<p>To the east of the main entrance is a sliding wooden door, also made of vertical battens. Two large signs warning against unauthorized entrance to the barn are conspicuously displayed near the building&#39;s corners. Security is complemented by two modern floodlights at the roofline.</p><br>
<p>With the exception of one former door in the southwest corner, now boarded over, the east and west sides of the barn have no fenestration. A sign with the number "6" assigned to the barn by the academy for management purposes, is next to it. Near the north end of the west side, structural deterioration has exposed the foundation slightly, and some modern concrete blocks used to shore it up are visible. Some deterioration, and missing clapboards, are visible on the east side. The north (rear) elevation has a similar double Dutch wagon door with a modern poured concrete ramp due to the doors&#39; slight height above grade.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>Inside, the barn&#39;s distinct structural system is visible. Five bents support the roof and walls; the two on the north and south ends support the studwork for the clapboard siding and entrance framing. They are braced twice: at the intersection of the post and tie beams, and again above the tie beam. Both upper and lower ties are connected to the anchor beams by mortise joints and pegs. A purlin-plate runs across the top of the bents, also mortised and braced. Below the tie beams another set of longitudinal braces links the bents, parallel to the purlin-plates.</p><br>
<p>Thick tongue and groove boards provide the threshing floor in the barn&#39;s center aisle. A raised wood platform, its floor level with the longitudinal braces, has been added to the east aisle. Below it is a concrete trough, and there is a small enclosure in the northwest section over the exposed, deteriorated section of the foundation.</p><br>
<p>Two sets of struts between the outer wall and the inner bents serve to delineate the side aisles. The outer walls are supported by braced uprights, and their plate in turn supports the rafters, which run continuously from there to the apex, staggered from the corresponding uprights. Above the rafters are the roof boards to which the original shingles and modern standing-seam metal is nailed. Most of the rafters are rough-hewn, lapped and pegged together at the apex; the newer ones in the northern quarter are only butted and nailed together there.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Adapted from Dutch building traditions, the New World Dutch barn was common on many farms established by settlers from that country in the Hudson, Mohawk and Schoharie valleys during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. Many of the Palatine Germans who settled the area around Red Hook, in northwestern Dutchess and southwestern Columbia counties, adopted it as well. Those that remain are primarily in the Hudson Valley, but some examples persist as far south as New Jersey and as far north as Canada.</p><br>
<p>The Dutch barn design reflects a pre-industrial era of agriculture. They were used by farmers whose main product was grain, primarily wheat, with a central threshing floor and side aisles to serve as small granaries. The bent framing system is its most distinctively Dutch aspect, in direct contrast to the more box-like approach to framing preferred by builders working from English traditions, which began to predominate in the region over the later 18th century. This lent them their distinctive one-and-a-half-story front-gabled appearance. Later, when farmers began to expand into dairy and other products requiring more complex techniques, the early Dutch barns were often expanded along English lines, their framing subsumed into larger buildings and their large front entrances replaced by smaller side doors.</p><br>
<p>Several features of the Parker Academy barn suggest that its construction took place much later than that initial wave, in the 1790s rather than the early decades of that century as is the case with many of the other extant Dutch barns. The tie beam lacks the projecting tenon found in earlier Dutch barns. On the exterior, the large wagon doors are on both north and south faces, which may reflect the expansion of the barn around 1810. Both the initial construction of the barn and its expansion at such late dates go against the contemporary trend towards English-style barns.</p><br>
<p>While it has been easy for architectural experts to determine these dates, it has not been as easy to find the name of the farmer who might have done the work. Property records for the area from before the mid-19th century are very limited, and a Teator family described as owning the land in 1876 cannot be conclusively matched with Teators listed as living in Red Hook by the 1820 census. Another family, by the name of Sommers, has also been mentioned as a landowner.</p><br>
<p>By 1951 it was in the hands of Delia Howard and Josephine Clarke. They sold the property that year to the state agency that has since evolved into the New York State Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS). It was first run as a residential facility for those the agency served; today it is where its employees from around the state are trained to work in its facilities. It continues to preserve the barn and use it for some storage purposes.</p><br>
<p>The Ora Blanchard House is an historic house at the junction of Maine State Routes 16 and 27 in the center of Stratton, Maine, United States. Also known as Widow&#39;s Walk, this wood frame house, built in 1892, is by far the most distinctive house in the small community, exhibiting a creative collection of Queen Anne features in a remote rural area. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The main block of the Blanchard House is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, resting on a granite foundation, with a hip roof topped by a widow&#39;s walk railing. A 1-1/2 story ell extends northward from this block, and joins it to a two-story barn with hip roof. The dominant feature of the house, located at its southwest corner, is a three-story octagonal tower which is topped by a bell-cast shingled roof. The first level of the tower is one-over-one sash windows above wood panels, and topped by a cornice with paired brackets. The second level has bands of decorative cut shingles, above which are windows and cornice as on the first level. Above this is an entablature band, which continues along the below the roof line of the main block, and which is studded with paired brackets. The third level begins with cut shingles, and has small-paned stained glass windows in each face.</p><br>
<p>The other prominent feature of the exterior is a single-story shed-roof porch, which extends along much of the length of the western facade, along the main block and the ell. It is supported by turned posts, and has a decorative frieze below the roofline. The leftmost bay of the main block on the western facade has a projecting polygonal bay on the second level, above which is a gable-roofed half-story dormer decorated with cut shingles and a half-round lunette window.</p><br>
<p>Stratton, with a population of several hundred, is still a remote and small country town where lumber was big business in the late 19th century. Oramendal "Ora" Blanchard owned the local sawmill, and later also owned the local water and power companies when they were established. The house he built in 1892 is a centrally-located and distinctive landmark.</p><br>
<p>The Chester Greenwood House is an historic house on Maine State Route 27 in Farmington, Maine. Built in 1896, it is an architecturally distinctive sophisticated Queen Anne Victorian. It is also notable as the home of Chester Greenwood, who invented the earmuff. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Greenwood House is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, set on a wooded knoll between Maine State Route 27 and the Sandy River, south of downtown Farmington. The house as asymmetrical massing typical of the Queen Anne period, its most prominent feature being a three-story octagonal tower topped by a bellcast pyramidal roof. The lower levels of the tower have rectangular sash windows, while the third level has arched windows, a detail repeated in a large half-story gable project from the hip roof to the left of the tower. A single-story porch wraps around to the right of the tower, supported by turned posts. There is delicate sawn woodwork in a frieze band below the main roof, and in the front-facing gable. The interior of the building also features ornate woodwork characteristic of the period.</p><br>
<p>Chester Greenwood (1858-1937), is locally famous as the inventor of the earmuff, which were manufactured at a local factory and shipped across the colder parts of North America. Greenwood invented the earmuff at age 15, obtained a patent for it in 1877. He engaged in many other business endeavours in Farmingtion, including establishing its first telephone exchange (with equipment he manufactured), a bicycle factory, and a machine shop. His factory building still stands in Farmington on Front Street, as does the Greenwood Block in Main Street.</p><br>
<p>The Cutler Memorial Library building houses the public library of Farmington, Maine. It is located at 117 Academy Street , between the downtown area and the campus of the University of Maine at Farmington. Its building, dedicated to the memory of Nathan Cutler, was built in 1901-03 as the town&#39;s first dedicated library building, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The library building is a small Beaux Arts stone structure, designed by Auburn architect William R. Miller and built in 1901-03. The exterior is made of granite quarried in North Jay, Maine. It is a basically L-shaped building, with its long sides facing Academy and High Streets, joined at the corner by a low circular tower with a low-pitch conical roof and spire. The original entrance, facing Academy Street, has a recessed wooden door flanked by Doric columns, with Ionic pilasters at the outside of the recessed area. The interior of the library has retained much of its original woodwork, including particularly elegant arches, pilasters, and molding in the tower section. A new lobby area was added to the building in 2000, designed by Richard Burt.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first library association was established in Farmington in 1865 as a subscription service for its shareholders. This organization failed in 1880, and in 1890 the Farmington Public Library Association was formed, renting space in the local Masonic hall. Founders of this association included John and Isaac Cutler, the latter of whom donated the funds for the construction of this building, which is named in honor of his father Nathan.</p><br>
<p>Wheeler Hill Historic District is a federally recognized historic district located at Wappinger in Dutchess County, New York. Along the eastern shore of the Hudson River, atop of the Van Wyck Ridge is the "estates region of the Town of Wappinger". A scenic location, with roads lined with stone walls, properties greeting guests with magnificent stone pillars and iron gates, it includes 49 contributing buildings, 15 contributing sites, and four contributing structures. It encompasses the estates of Obercreek, Elmhurst, Edge Hill, Henry Suydam, William Crosby, and Carnwath that were developed between 1740 and 1940. Also included are two 18th century riverfront commercial structures, the Lent / Waldron Store and Stone House at Farmer&#39;s Landing.</p><br>
<p>Note: This includes</p><br>
<p>and It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. Today the historic district is mostly made up of residential houses, but Carnwath, Chapel of the Sacred Mirrors, and Obercreek are opened to the public.</p><br>
<h2>Carnwath</h2><br>
<p>Carnwath was originally built in 1850 for William and Lydia Willis, relatives of the Mesier family in nearby Wappingers Falls. Willis was a retired hardware merchant from New York City. He sold the Carnwath Manor and the rest of the 200 acre estate after the Civil War to General George Barclay and then built Obercreek. In 1870, General Barclay sold Carnwath to his son-in-law, Francis Robert Rives. Wheeler Hill Road was once known as Rives Avenue or hill.</p><br>
<p>Rives constructed the Carriage House in 1873 to hold some of the finest carriages and stable horses in the entire country. Later his son, Reginald, inherited the estate, he was elected supervisor of Wappinger in 1900. Around 1910 the property was sold to Isaac Untermyer, who was famous for defending William "Boss" Tweed. By the 1920s the Augustinians purchased the property and built the dormitory building and chapel in the mid-1950s. The property was purchased by the Town of Wappinger in 1999 as a park, with hopes to restore the Carnwath Manor, Carriage House, and other structures on the property. It is also home to the Sports Museum of Dutchess County which was dedicated in 2005 along with the Frances Reese Cultural Center (dormitory) by Hillary Clinton, and the soon to be the home of the Town of Wappinger Museum & Visitor Center. The Frances Reese Cultural Center and the Carnwath Chapel at this time are the only buildings on site that are open to the public, with the sports museum, a gift shop, small video viewing room, and snack bar. Friends of Carnwath maintains and holds events at the estate.</p><br>
<h2>Obercreek</h2><br>
<p>Obercreek was built by William H. Willis in 1856 as their new home after they sold Carnwath just down the road. Since the Willis&#39; were related to the Mesiers the estate was passed down to them and finally to the Reese family who presented plans for development of the property to the Town in 2007. Today a portion of the estate is open to the public every weekend with an organic market and for events associated with the newly restored Obercreek CSA.</p><br>
<h2>Elmhurst</h2><br>
<p>Samuel S. Sands built "Elmhurst" in 1865. Sands was a banker and broker in partnership with William Henry Reese and joined the New York Stock Exchange in 1854. He acted as broker for a number of important financial interests, including the Astors. Sands died at the age of sixty-six at his country estate, "Elmhurst", July 26, 1892. By the mid 1900s, the United Church of Christ operated a church on the property. Since no physical church building was ever constructed, they conducted services at an outdoor pulpit. The property formerly housed the Deer Hill Conference Center, and later The Chapel of Sacred Mirrors, an art sanctuary created by artists, Alex and Allyson Grey.</p><br>
<h2>Edge Hill</h2><br>
<p>Edgehill is one of the first properties developed as a country estate. In 1846 Suydam purchased a farmhouse and a parcel of surrounding land from Job Angel for his country estate. The brother of artist James Augustus Suydam, Henry Suydam was descended from an old New York merchant family. He started a successful tea business before retiring some time in his 40s to turn to his private interests of writing and art. Henry Suydam was an artist in his own right, whose works are displayed at the National Academy of Design. In 1882 he privately published a book detailing the history of his mother&#39;s family, the Mesiers, combined with a history of the Zion Episcopal Church.</p><br>
<p>The original house was built in 1810. It was remodeled about 1840 in the Greek Revival style then popular. The estate covered seventy-five acres. One of Henry Suydam&#39;s daughters married Clarence Satterlee and lived at Edge Hill in the 1860s and 1870s. Dr. Satterlee sold Edge Hill in 1891 to William R. Sands, a relative of Samuel S. Sands who built and owned nearby Elmhurst from 1865 through the late nineteenth century.</p><br>
<h2>William Crosby Estate</h2><br>
<p>In the mid-nineteenth century, the Crosby House was owned by G.C. Satterlee. The Satterlees were linked by marriage to the Suydam family, owners of the Suydam House. Located on the east side of Wheeler Hill Road, the former Crosby Estate is now the location of several private stone residences and the Tall Trees subdivision. It stood until the early 1900s until a fire burned it to the ground. According to several residents whose houses are located on the former Crosby Estate, a disgruntled servant was left in charge of the mansion while the family was away in Europe. He burned it down and pieces of the house and personal belongings can still be found on the site today.</p><br>
<h2>Farmers Landing</h2><br>
<p>Shortly after Francis Rombout (the original grantee of the Rombout Patent) died, his partner Gulian Verplanck was given the northern portion of the patent. By 1750, his descendent, William Verplanck, was given a portion of the patent and constructed a stone homestead and mill in Fishkill Plains on the Sprout Creek. He also constructed a small stone structure on the Hudson River which was used to sell and ship out wheat and other crops to cities and consumers. This location later became known as Farmers Landing. The house is also known as being hit with a cannonball from a British Naval ship on its way to burn the City of Kingston. Today it is a private residence on Old Troy Road and can be seen from the MTA Hudson Line railroad</p><br>
<p>Rokeby, also known as La Bergerie, is a historic estate and federally recognized historic district located at Barrytown in Dutchess County, New York. It includes seven contributing buildings and one contributing structure.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original section of the main house was built 1811–1815. Construction was interrupted by the War of 1812 when John Armstrong Jr. (1758-1843), the owner, served as a Brigadier General, Minister to France, and later as US Secretary of War under James Madison. When the British burned Washington DC in 1814, Armstrong unfairly received much of the blame; he consequently retired to finish building his estate on the Hudson River in 1815. The Armstrongs originally called their home "La Bergerie," French for "the sheepfold," as they were raising a large herd of Merino sheep which had been a gift from Napoleon Bonaparte.</p><br>
<p>Evidence suggests that the overall plan was designed by John Armstrong himself. It started as a rectangular, 2-story structure with a hipped roof topped by a square, pyramidal-roofed cupola. The house had a three-bay front facade with five-bay side elevations. There is a central entrance and interior hall which opens into three rooms on each side, and a curved staircase was located at the back of this hall. The staircase returned and entered a rectangular hall with a large skylight (known as a clerestory) on the second floor. The four front bedrooms were accessed from this hall. There was originally a second straight staircase that led from grade to an elaborate door with sidelights on the second floor which was open to the main hall. Due to later alterations, this feature is now completely enclosed. On the other side of the door there is now a small vestibule, an arched passage, and a small flight of stairs descending to the main staircase. It features a Palladian window on the southeast face of the second story. A -story addition constructed of fieldstone was built about 1816.</p><br>
<p>In 1818, Armstrongs daughter, Margaret Rebecca, married William Backhouse Astor, Sr. (1795–1875), son and main heir of John Jacob Astor I. In 1836, William Astor purchased the 728-acre estate from his father-in-law for $50,000.00. The portion of the property containing the is said to have reminded Margaret Astor of the glen in Sir Walter Scotts epic poem, Rokeby, and she changed the estate&#39;s name from "La Bergerie" to "Rokeby."</p><br>
<p>In the mid-19th century William Backhouse Astor enlarged the house from 20 rooms to 48, in brick with brownstone trim, with a semi-octagonal tower on the west side, a north wing, and a third floor throughout the building. The service wing, tower and mansard roof date to 1857-1858. The spectacular gothic revival library contained within the tower is probably the work of Alexander Jackson Davis. Noted architect and Chanler family friend Stanford White was hired to enlarge the west drawing room and to install the clerestory in 1895.</p><br>
<p>The landscaping was improved about 1846 by Hans Jacob Ehlers, who removed a nearby hill to permit a view of the Hudson River.</p><br>
<h2>Residents</h2><br>
<p>John Armstrong Jr. lived at Rokeby following his retirement in 1814 until his death at home in 1843, and is buried in the cemetery in Rhinebeck. WIlliam and Rebecca Astor&#39;s daughter Emily married Samuel Cutler Ward, brother of Julia Ward Howe. Their daughter, Margaret Astor Ward (1838-1875) married John Winthrop Chanler (1826-1877).</p><br>
<p>The house was later home to the Astor Orphans, the children of John and Margaret, both of whom died of pneumonia. They left instructions that their ten children were to be raised at Rokeby. Most of them grew up to become well known in politics or the arts. They included:</p><br>
<p>John Armstrong "Archie" Chanler (1862-1935), who married and later divorced novelist Amélie Louise Rives</p><br>
<p>Emily Astor Chanler (1864-1872), who died of scarlet fever</p><br>
<p>William Astor Chanler (1867-1934), soldier, politician and explorer</p><br>
<p>Marion Ward Chanler (1868-1883), who died of pneumonia</p><br>
<p>Lewis Stuyvesant Chanler (1869-1942), politician who married Julia Lynch Olin (1882–1961).</p><br>
<p>Robert Winthrop Chanler (1872-1930), artist who married and later divorced Natalina "Lina" Cavalieri (1874–1944)</p><br>
<p>(1873-1969) who married Christopher Temple Emmet</p><br>
<p>Egerton White Chanler (1874–1882), who died of a brain tumor</p><br>
<p>As the eldest son, John Armstrong Chanler inherited the property on his twenty-first birthday in 1883, along with $100,000 for its maintenance, however after his marriage began to disintegrate, he moved to Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina. By agreement of the siblings, Margaret Livingston Chanler bought their shares in the estate during the 1890s. Her grandson Richard Aldrich inherited the estate upon her death in 1963. It is currently owned by the Aldrich family.</p><br>
<p>In 2013, former resident and Astor heiress Alexandra Aldrich (great-granddaughter of Margaret Livingston Chanler) published The Astor Orphan, a memoir set at Rokeby.</p><br>
<p>The house is currently the home to various artists and writers, including Processional Arts Workshop. It is also the site of the.</p><br>
<h2>Heritage significance</h2><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<p>Photos of La Bergerie by Mark Zeek, 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Sierra Alpujata is a mountain range in southern Spain, part of the coastal mountain range that lies behind the Costa del Sol Occidental, in Andalusia. It is situated between the Sierra Blanca and the Sierra de Mijas.</p><br>
<h2>geography and geology</h2><br>
<p>The highest point is the Cerro Castillejos, at 1,074 metres. Geologically it is located in the Penibaetic System. Due to its mineral constitution, vegetation is very sparse, despite several attempts at restocking pines and eucalyptus trees. The predominant vegetation consists of juniper and shrubland.</p><br>
<p>Geologically the range is the relic of an ancient submarine stratovolcano, which formed at the same time than the Sierra Blanca and the Sierra de Mijas. The large crater is recognizable from aerial photos. It is predominantly made of peridotite.</p><br>
<h2>Sources</h2><br>
<p>Iowa Reform Building is a historic building located in downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 and on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties in 2002.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Iowa Reform was a newspaper that started publication in Davenport in 1884 by Adolph Petersen. Members of the Petersen family were the publishers and editors of the paper from its inception until it ceased publication. They included Adolph and his brother Gerhard, and they were followed by Robert Petersen. Adolph Petersen lived in the apartment above the shop. The paper initially carried a strong Democratic point of view, but eventually went independent. It was a semi-weekly publication that served the German community of the Tri-City area, which is now known as the Quad Cities. The Reform&#39;s peak circulation was 4,000 in 1912. Unlike other German publications, it survived the anti-German sentiments that resulted from World War I. By 1939 it was the only German-language paper left in Iowa, and it had a circulation of 3,240. However, it could not survive those same sentiments that resulted from World War II and the paper folded in 1943.</p><br>
<p>The building itself was built for the Iowa Reform in the heart of the German commercial district on the west side of downtown Davenport. The building has housed various commercial enterprises since the newspaper folded.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Iowa Reform Building is a two-story structure that is built of brick on a stone foundation. Its English basement is a unique feature. The workrooms and press rooms for the newspaper were located here and the large windows allowed natural light and ventilation to the basement. The storefront features cast-iron columns and two entrances that are accessed by iron steps and handrails. All are believed to be original to the building. The widows of the storefront were altered in a 1998 renovation. The buildings second floor is defined by the placement of stone banding above and below the windows. Above the top banding is the buildings cornice. The bottom part of the cornice is built of brick and it is topped by a molded metal cornice that features an egg and dart pattern.</p><br>
<p>The Donahue Building is a historic building located in downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Donahue Building was built around 1880 to house the Ed H. Gifford steam laundry. By 1892 the Sanborn Fire Insurance Company lists the property as a Turkish Bath. It was at this time that the Davenport Water Company moved into the building. Michael Donahue organized the company and the building is named for him. By 1912 the Walsh-Kahl Construction Company occupied the building. They were known nationally for their work building railroads. They built Union</p><br>
<p>Station in Buffalo, New York, Penn Station in South Bend, Indiana and Union Station in Erie, Pennsylvania. Locally, they constructed the Kahl Building and Davenport Bank and Trust. Today it houses a restaurant and bar on the upper floors and small shops on the lower level.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Donahue Building is a three-story structure that is built on top of a raised basement. Both the building and its basement are constructed of brick. When the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places it was considered an excellent example of Romanesque Revival architecture. It was re-evaluated in 2005 as an excellent example of the Italian Renaissance Revival, which is found in the tall narrow windows with the Roman arch windows and the central projecting pavilion. It is also a rare example in the state of Iowa of a basement level storefront.</p><br>
<p>The Davenport Water Co. Pumping Station No. 2 is located in central Davenport, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1984. It is also known as the Ripley Street Pumping Station No. 2. The historic building has subsequently been replaced in 1986 by a smaller plain structure on the same property facing West 14th Street.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Unlike most other municipalities in Iowa, Davenport has always had a privately run water company. A waterworks was first proposed for the city in 1856. However, the Davenport Water Company was not formed until 1873 under the leadership of Michael P. Donahue, who was granted an exclusive franchise with the city. Initially, they installed 20 mi of water mains and 245 hydrants throughout the city. The system was used to fight its first fire in 1874 and it was promoted as a way to fight cholera.</p><br>
<p>There were some problems with the new water system in Davenport. Water pressure was significantly lowered if the hydrants were used to fight a fire. In 1884 the company built the Ripley Street Pumping Station No. 2. The facility had a reservoir that can hold 5 e6USgal of water. The pumping system was operated by a vertical set of compound Clapp and Jones Pumps and a set of Duplex Gordon Steam Pumps.</p><br>
<p>By 1892 the company had expanded the water system to 37 mi of water mains and 400 hydrants. A mechanical filtering system installed the previous year helped make the company’s product more saleable and more properties in the city were converted from private wells. Another pumping station was built around the turn of the 20th century along East River Drive near the Village of East Davenport.</p><br>
<p>This facility is significant because of its association with the development of the Davenport Water Company and the growth of the residential areas of the city above the bluff line in the period of 1880-1920. It was further enhanced by the building&#39;s continued original use and retaining most of its integrity.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The exterior treatment of Pumping Station #2 was similar to many other late 19th century industrial buildings in Davenport. It featured brick construction, walls that were articulated as panels by pilasters and a simple corbel table. The use of buff colored brick for the window heads was less common. The building was also more ornate at one time. The two-story pavilion section had a crested, mansard roof. Until about 1890 only the three-panel south wing was in existence. The north wing and the extension of the south wing by two panels were later additions.</p><br>
<p>The M.V. Gannon House was an historic home located on the east side of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>M.V. Gannon</h2><br>
<p>Michael Valentine Gannon was a prominent lawyer, politician, and publisher. He was born in Dublin on February 14, 1846, the third of three children born to Michael and Catherine (O&#39;Brien) Gannon. His father died when M.V. was three months old. He was educated in the local common schools. Before he immigrated to the United States, Gannon led a group of Irish patriots to liberate Fenian prisoners from Kilmain Hall, Castle Kilrain.</p><br>
<p>Gannon arrived in the US in October 1866 and lived for almost a year in New York City. After he came to what was then known as the Tri Cities he taught in a school in Rock Island, Illinois and then became the principal of St. Marguerite’s School in Davenport. In the 1870s he started the first Catholic newspaper in the region, the Iowa Catholic Advocate. He also contributed poetry and prose to other papers including the Rock Island Argus, St. Louis Western Watchman, and the New York Freeman’s Journal. Gannon was admitted to the bar in 1872 and began his political career in the late 1870s as a Democrat. He was elected an alderman in Davenport. In 1881 he took the leadership of the First Davenport Branch of the Irish National Land League of America. Gannon was elected as the local district attorney in 1882. In 1884 he lost the election for Attorney General of Iowa. Throughout his life, Gannon was noted for his speaking skills especially when he called for the cause of Irish freedom.</p><br>
<p>Gannon was married three times and had nine children. His first wife was Addie Hodges of Geneseo, Illinois. She died four years later and the couple had no children. After several years he married Cecelia Jordan, a school teacher from Davenport. They had five children. She died in 1884. Ten years later he married Mary Johnson of Cable, Illinois. She was the daughter of one of his best friends, Michael Johnson. Gannon, Johnson and his family, immigrated from Ireland together. Mary was five years old at the time. She died in 1898.</p><br>
<p>Gannon moved from Davenport to Omaha, Nebraska in 1887 and then to Chicago in 1902. He was an active leader in the Irish community in both cities. In 1891 he was elected as President of the Irish National Land League. In 1905 he returned to Davenport and continued his work as an orator and supporter for the Irish cause. He also resumed his law partnership with A.P. McGuirk. Gannon continued to practice law until three years before he died. After he retired he made a return trip to his native Ireland. He died in his home on Charlotte Avenue in Davenport on March 7, 1926.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Gannon&#39;s house on Farnham Street was Italianate in design. He lived here in the years before he relocated to Omaha. Architecturally, it was less significant than the man who lived there. It featured a hipped roof, bracketed eaves and fancy scroll work on the front porch. The front of the house at one time featured three bays with the main entrance in the left bay. The windows on the front of the building were altered on the first and second floors in later years. The house has subsequently been torn down. A sign placed by the Celtic Heritage Trail of the Quad Cities marks the location of the property.</p><br>
<p>The Old City Hall is located just north of downtown along a commercial corridor in Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Designed by Davenport architect Willett Carroll, the building was built in 1857 as an engine house for a fire company. That year the city council rejected sites along Washington Square and Court House Square for a new city hall, so in early 1858 the engine house&#39;s hall became the council chambers and other municipal offices were moved into other sections of the building. It continued to be used as a combination city hall and fire station until Hose Station No. 1 was built in 1877. A significant number of local industrialists and professionals served as mayor when this building housed city hall. They include George B. Sargent (1857), Ebeneezer Cook (1858–59), Hiram Price (1859), George H. French (1861-1862), John L. Davies (1865-1866), Michael Donahue (1867-1868), John C. Bills (1871, 1882, 1892), Ernest Claussen (1883-1889), and C. A. Ficke (1890-1891). While the structure is the oldest building in Davenport that is associated with municipal</p><br>
<p>government and politics, it remains an apartment building.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The three-story, three bay, brick building was built on a stone foundation. In its present situation the building combines several architectural styles. The façade is dominated by a two-story polygonal oriel window that is ornamented with fleur-de-lis. The post and lintel entrance is on the left side of the east elevation, which is capped by a projecting cornice. The west elevation is topped with a half-hipped roof.</p><br>
<p>Little Carp River is a 15 mi river in Gogebic and Ontonagon counties in the U.S. state of Michigan. The Carp River rises at {{coord|46|45|54|N|89|44|44|W|region:US-MI_type:river_source:GNIS|name=Little Carp River }} in the Porcupine Mountains of the Upper Peninsula.</p><br>
<p>The river arches broadly southwest to northwest and empties into Lake Superior at {{coord|46|45|22|N|89|54|01|W|region:US-MI_type:river_source:GNIS|name=Little Carp River (mouth)}} approximately one mile from the mouth of the Carp River.</p><br>
<p>Tributaries and features (from the mouth):</p><br>
<p>* Traders Falls</p><br>
<p>* (left) Memengwa Creek</p><br>
<p>* Explorers Falls</p><br>
<p>* Trappers Falls</p><br>
<p>* (right) Wabeno Creek</p><br>
<p>* Greenstone Falls</p><br>
<p>* Overlooked Falls</p><br>
<p>* (right) Blowdown Creek</p><br>
<p>* (right) Beaver Creek</p><br>
<p>* Lily Pond</p><br>
<p>* Mirror Lake</p><br>
<p>** Trail Creek</p><br>
<p>Peñón of Algiers  was a small islet off the coast of Algiers, fortified by the Kingdom of Spain during the 16th century. The islet was connected to the African continent to form a seawall and the harbour of Algiers.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1510 the Spaniards settled on a small island, the Peñón, north of Algiers (in modern Algeria). They forced Sālim al-Tūmī (Selim-bin-Teumi) to observe the terms of a treaty with Spain, namely, to accept a Spanish presence and to pay tribute. Fortifications were built on the islet, and a garrison of 200 men was established. Sālim al-Tūmī had to go to Spain to take an oath of obedience to Ferdinand of Aragon.</p><br>
<p>The islet was captured in 1529 by Hayreddin Barbarossa during the Capture of Algiers. Barbarossa dismantled the fortifications, ending the Spanish presence in the area.</p><br>
